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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?> <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd"> <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" lang="en" xml:lang="en"><head><!-- XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX This file is generated from xml source: DO NOT EDIT XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX --> <title>mod_headers - Apache HTTP Server</title> <link href="../style/css/manual.css" rel="stylesheet" media="all" type="text/css" title="Main stylesheet" /> <link href="../style/css/manual-loose-100pc.css" rel="alternate stylesheet" media="all" type="text/css" title="No Sidebar - Default font size" /> <link href="../style/css/manual-print.css" rel="stylesheet" media="print" type="text/css" /> <link href="../images/favicon.ico" rel="shortcut icon" /></head> <body> <div id="page-header"> <p class="menu"><a href="../mod/">Modules</a> | <a href="../mod/directives.html">Directives</a> | <a href="../faq/">FAQ</a> | <a href="../glossary.html">Glossary</a> | <a href="../sitemap.html">Sitemap</a></p> <p class="apache">Apache HTTP Server Version 2.2</p> <img alt="" src="../images/feather.gif" /></div> <div class="up"><a href="./"><img title="<-" alt="<-" src="../images/left.gif" /></a></div> <div id="path"> <a href="http://www.apache.org/">Apache</a> > <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/">HTTP Server</a> > <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/docs/">Documentation</a> > <a href="../">Version 2.2</a> > <a href="./">Modules</a></div> <div id="page-content"> <div id="preamble"><h1>Apache Module mod_headers</h1> <div class="toplang"> <p><span>Available Languages: </span><a href="../en/mod/mod_headers.html" title="English"> en </a> | <a href="../ja/mod/mod_headers.html" hreflang="ja" rel="alternate" title="Japanese"> ja </a> | <a href="../ko/mod/mod_headers.html" hreflang="ko" rel="alternate" title="Korean"> ko </a></p> </div> <table class="module"><tr><th><a href="module-dict.html#Description">Description:</a></th><td>Customization of HTTP request and response headers</td></tr> <tr><th><a href="module-dict.html#Status">Status:</a></th><td>Extension</td></tr> <tr><th><a href="module-dict.html#ModuleIdentifier">ModuleáIdentifier:</a></th><td>headers_module</td></tr> <tr><th><a href="module-dict.html#SourceFile">SourceáFile:</a></th><td>mod_headers.c</td></tr> <tr><th><a href="module-dict.html#Compatibility">Compatibility:</a></th><td><code class="directive"><a href="#requestheader">RequestHeader</a></code> is available only in Apache 2.0</td></tr></table> <h3>Summary</h3> <p>This module provides directives to control and modify HTTP request and response headers. Headers can be merged, replaced or removed.</p> </div> <div id="quickview"><h3 class="directives">Directives</h3> <ul id="toc"> <li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#header">Header</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#requestheader">RequestHeader</a></li> </ul> <h3>Topics</h3> <ul id="topics"> <li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#order">Order of Processing</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#early">Early and Late Processing</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#examples">Examples</a></li> </ul></div> <div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div> <div class="section"> <h2><a name="order" id="order">Order of Processing</a></h2> <p>The directives provided by <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_headers.html">mod_headers</a></code> can occur almost anywhere within the server configuration, and can be limited in scope by enclosing them in <a href="../sections.html">configuration sections</a>.</p> <p>Order of processing is important and is affected both by the order in the configuration file and by placement in <a href="../sections.html#mergin">configuration sections</a>. These two headers have a different effect if reversed:</p> <div class="example"><p><code> RequestHeader append MirrorID "mirror 12"<br /> RequestHeader unset MirrorID </code></p></div> <p>This way round, the <code>MirrorID</code> header is not set. If reversed, the MirrorID header is set to "mirror 12".</p> </div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div> <div class="section"> <h2><a name="early" id="early">Early and Late Processing</a></h2> <p><code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_headers.html">mod_headers</a></code> can be applied either early or late in the request. The normal mode is late, when Request Headers are set immediately before running the content generator and Response Headers just as the response is sent down the wire. Always use Late mode in an operational server.</p> <p>Early mode is designed as a test/debugging aid for developers. Directives defined using the <code>early</code> keyword are set right at the beginning of processing the request. This means they can be used to simulate different requests and set up test cases, but it also means that headers may be changed at any time by other modules before generating a Response.</p> <p>Because early directives are processed before the request path's configuration is traversed, early headers can only be set in a main server or virtual host context. Early directives cannot depend on a request path, so they will fail in contexts such as <code><Directory></code> or <code><Location></code>.</p> </div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div> <div class="section"> <h2><a name="examples" id="examples">Examples</a></h2> <ol> <li> Copy all request headers that begin with "TS" to the response headers: <div class="example"><p><code> Header echo ^TS </code></p></div> </li> <li> Add a header, <code>MyHeader</code>, to the response including a timestamp for when the request was received and how long it took to begin serving the request. This header can be used by the client to intuit load on the server or in isolating bottlenecks between the client and the server. <div class="example"><p><code> Header add MyHeader "%D %t" </code></p></div> <p>results in this header being added to the response:</p> <div class="example"><p><code> MyHeader: D=3775428 t=991424704447256 </code></p></div> </li> <li> Say hello to Joe <div class="example"><p><code> Header add MyHeader "Hello Joe. It took %D microseconds \<br /> for Apache to serve this request." </code></p></div> <p>results in this header being added to the response:</p> <div class="example"><p><code> MyHeader: Hello Joe. It took D=3775428 microseconds for Apache to serve this request. </code></p></div> </li> <li> Conditionally send <code>MyHeader</code> on the response if and only if header "MyRequestHeader" is present on the request. This is useful for constructing headers in response to some client stimulus. Note that this example requires the services of the <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_setenvif.html">mod_setenvif</a></code> module. <div class="example"><p><code> SetEnvIf MyRequestHeader value HAVE_MyRequestHeader<br /> Header add MyHeader "%D %t mytext" env=HAVE_MyRequestHeader<br /> </code></p></div> <p>If the header <code>MyRequestHeader: value</code> is present on the HTTP request, the response will contain the following header:</p> <div class="example"><p><code> MyHeader: D=3775428 t=991424704447256 mytext </code></p></div> </li> </ol> </div> <div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div> <div class="directive-section"><h2><a name="Header" id="Header">Header</a> <a name="header" id="header">Directive</a></h2> <table class="directive"> <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Description">Description:</a></th><td>Configure HTTP response headers</td></tr> <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Syntax">Syntax:</a></th><td><code>Header [<var>condition</var>] set|append|add|unset|echo <var>header</var> [<var>value</var>] [early|env=[!]<var>variable</var>]</code></td></tr> <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Context">Context:</a></th><td>server config, virtual host, directory, .htaccess</td></tr> <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Override">Override:</a></th><td>FileInfo</td></tr> <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Status">Status:</a></th><td>Extension</td></tr> <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Module">Module:</a></th><td>mod_headers</td></tr> </table> <p>This directive can replace, merge or remove HTTP response headers. The header is modified just after the content handler and output filters are run, allowing outgoing headers to be modified.</p> <p>The optional <var>condition</var> can be either <code>onsuccess</code> or <code>always</code>. It determines, which internal header table should be operated on. <code>onsuccess</code> stands for <code>2<var>xx</var></code> status codes and <code>always</code> for all status codes (including <code>2<var>xx</var></code>). Especially if you want to unset headers set by certain modules, you should try out, which table is affected.</p> <p>The action it performs is determined by the second argument. This can be one of the following values:</p> <dl> <dt><code>set</code></dt> <dd>The response header is set, replacing any previous header with this name. The <var>value</var> may be a format string.</dd> <dt><code>append</code></dt> <dd>The response header is appended to any existing header of the same name. When a new value is merged onto an existing header it is separated from the existing header with a comma. This is the HTTP standard way of giving a header multiple values.</dd> <dt><code>add</code></dt> <dd>The response header is added to the existing set of headers, even if this header already exists. This can result in two (or more) headers having the same name. This can lead to unforeseen consequences, and in general "append" should be used instead.</dd> <dt><code>unset</code></dt> <dd>The response header of this name is removed, if it exists. If there are multiple headers of the same name, all will be removed. <var>value</var> must be omitted.</dd> <dt><code>echo</code></dt> <dd>Request headers with this name are echoed back in the response headers. <var>header</var> may be a <a class="glossarylink" href="../glossary.html#regex" title="see glossary">regular expression</a>. <var>value</var> must be omitted.</dd> </dl> <p>This argument is followed by a <var>header</var> name, which can include the final colon, but it is not required. Case is ignored for <code>set</code>, <code>append</code>, <code>add</code> and <code>unset</code>. The <var>header</var> name for <code>echo</code> is case sensitive and may be a <a class="glossarylink" href="../glossary.html#regex" title="see glossary">regular expression</a>.</p> <p>For <code>add</code>, <code>append</code> and <code>set</code> a <var>value</var> is specified as the third argument. If <var>value</var> contains spaces, it should be surrounded by doublequotes. <var>value</var> may be a character string, a string containing format specifiers or a combination of both. The following format specifiers are supported in <var>value</var>:</p> <table class="bordered"><tr class="header"><th>Format</th><th>Description</th></tr> <tr><td><code>%%</code></td> <td>The percent sign</td></tr> <tr class="odd"><td><code>%t</code></td> <td>The time the request was received in Universal Coordinated Time since the epoch (Jan. 1, 1970) measured in microseconds. The value is preceded by <code>t=</code>.</td></tr> <tr><td><code>%D</code></td> <td>The time from when the request was received to the time the headers are sent on the wire. This is a measure of the duration of the request. The value is preceded by <code>D=</code>.</td></tr> <tr class="odd"><td><code>%{FOOBAR}e</code></td> <td>The contents of the <a href="../env.html">environment variable</a> <code>FOOBAR</code>.</td></tr> <tr><td><code>%{FOOBAR}s</code></td> <td>The contents of the <a href="mod_ssl.html#envvars">SSL environment variable</a> <code>FOOBAR</code>, if <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_ssl.html">mod_ssl</a></code> is enabled.</td></tr> </table> <div class="note"><h3>Note</h3> <p>The <code>%s</code> format specifier is only available in Apache 2.1 and later; it can be used instead of <code>%e</code> to avoid the overhead of enabling <code>SSLOptions +StdEnvVars</code>. If <code>SSLOptions +StdEnvVars</code> must be enabled anyway for some other reason, <code>%e</code> will be more efficient than <code>%s</code>.</p> </div> <p>The <code class="directive">Header</code> directive may be followed by an an additional argument, which may be used to specify conditions under which the action will be taken, or may be the keyword <code>early</code> to specify <a href="#early">early processing</a>. If the <a href="../env.html">environment variable</a> specified in the <code>env=<var>...</var></code> argument exists (or if the environment variable does not exist and <code>env=!<var>...</var></code> is specified) then the action specified by the <code class="directive">Header</code> directive will take effect. Otherwise, the directive will have no effect on the request.</p> <p>Except in <a href="#early">early</a> mode, the <code class="directive">Header</code> directives are processed just before the response is sent to the network. These means that it is possible to set and/or override most headers, except for those headers added by the header filter.</p> </div> <div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div> <div class="directive-section"><h2><a name="RequestHeader" id="RequestHeader">RequestHeader</a> <a name="requestheader" id="requestheader">Directive</a></h2> <table class="directive"> <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Description">Description:</a></th><td>Configure HTTP request headers</td></tr> <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Syntax">Syntax:</a></th><td><code>RequestHeader set|append|add|unset <var>header</var> [<var>value</var>] [early|env=[!]<var>variable</var>]</code></td></tr> <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Context">Context:</a></th><td>server config, virtual host, directory, .htaccess</td></tr> <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Override">Override:</a></th><td>FileInfo</td></tr> <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Status">Status:</a></th><td>Extension</td></tr> <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Module">Module:</a></th><td>mod_headers</td></tr> </table> <p>This directive can replace, merge or remove HTTP request headers. The header is modified just before the content handler is run, allowing incoming headers to be modified. The action it performs is determined by the first argument. This can be one of the following values:</p> <dl> <dt><code>set</code></dt> <dd>The request header is set, replacing any previous header with this name</dd> <dt><code>append</code></dt> <dd>The request header is appended to any existing header of the same name. When a new value is merged onto an existing header it is separated from the existing header with a comma. This is the HTTP standard way of giving a header multiple values.</dd> <dt><code>add</code></dt> <dd>The request header is added to the existing set of headers, even if this header already exists. This can result in two (or more) headers having the same name. This can lead to unforeseen consequences, and in general <code>append</code> should be used instead.</dd> <dt><code>unset</code></dt> <dd>The request header of this name is removed, if it exists. If there are multiple headers of the same name, all will be removed. <var>value</var> must be omitted.</dd> </dl> <p>This argument is followed by a header name, which can include the final colon, but it is not required. Case is ignored. For <code>add</code>, <code>append</code> and <code>set</code> a <var>value</var> is given as the third argument. If <var>value</var> contains spaces, it should be surrounded by double quotes. For unset, no <var>value</var> should be given. <var>value</var> may be a character string, a string containing format specifiers or a combination of both. The supported format specifiers are the same as for the <code class="directive"><a href="#header">Header</a></code>, please have a look there for details.</p> <p>The <code class="directive">RequestHeader</code> directive may be followed by an additional argument, which may be used to specify conditions under which the action will be taken, or may be the keyword <code>early</code> to specify <a href="#early">early processing</a>. If the <a href="../env.html">environment variable</a> specified in the <code>env=<var>...</var></code> argument exists (or if the environment variable does not exist and <code>env=!<var>...</var></code> is specified) then the action specified by the <code class="directive">RequestHeader</code> directive will take effect. Otherwise, the directive will have no effect on the request.</p> <p>Except in <a href="#early">early</a> mode, the <code class="directive">RequestHeader</code> directive is processed just before the request is run by its handler in the fixup phase. This should allow headers generated by the browser, or by Apache input filters to be overridden or modified.</p> </div> </div> <div class="bottomlang"> <p><span>Available Languages: </span><a href="../en/mod/mod_headers.html" title="English"> en </a> | <a href="../ja/mod/mod_headers.html" hreflang="ja" rel="alternate" title="Japanese"> ja </a> | <a href="../ko/mod/mod_headers.html" hreflang="ko" rel="alternate" title="Korean"> ko </a></p> </div><div id="footer"> <p class="apache">Copyright 1995-2006 The Apache Software Foundation or its licensors, as applicable.<br />Licensed under the <a href="http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0">Apache License, Version 2.0</a>.</p> <p class="menu"><a href="../mod/">Modules</a> | <a href="../mod/directives.html">Directives</a> | <a href="../faq/">FAQ</a> | <a href="../glossary.html">Glossary</a> | <a href="../sitemap.html">Sitemap</a></p></div> </body></html> 
